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Transition

In the name of climate #3: no one is talking about the fires in Brazil anymore

We try, every month, to dispel some widespread beliefs about the environment, climate change and energy transition. In this edition: Brazil, and specifically the Amazon, is still burning. Why has the issue been cast aside? Partly to blame are the rules of newsmaking.

Even in 2020 in Brazil, and specifically in the Amazon Rainforest, there were numerous fires, to a worrying degree and at least as many as the previous year, which was described as one of the worst forest fire seasons of the last decade. Despite this, the issue was barely addressed in the media.

In part it is a result of the much needed media coverage of the pandemic, which among others has hit Brazil the most, where there have been over 170,000 deaths. Another possible reason has to do with language: if something happens in the United States, for example, there are more journalists on the spot covering the news, more English speakers to witness it and spread it on social media, and more users who from all over the world go to news sites to learn more about the issue. In this sense, it is not surprising that much more has been reported about the fires in Brazil than about the equally worrying fires in Bolivia, Colombia or Venezuela.

Another aspect involves the use of images and their potential to go viral. For the California fires last September, the shots that showed a darkened San Francisco sky, as well as those showing animals in distress during the Australian fires, had a great impact on people, and as such they went viral globally: the same cannot be said for today's fires in Brazil, where no photographs have been taken that have the potential to go viral.

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(Quarrie Photography © Climate Visuals)

In 2019, the spread of fake news had also directed attention to the fires in the Amazon: many of the images that were seen on social media actually showed fires from previous years; misleading analyses on the size of the fires (the problem was serious, but the newspapers spoke of "record fires" for no reason) and false information on the Amazon rainforest itself - for example, it is not true that it produces "20 per cent of the world’s oxygen".

Lastly, the fact that the Amazon continues to burn means that it stops being news: further coverage of these fires would not fully comply with the rules of newsmaking focusing on information that is new, given that - despite the fact that the situation is also worrying this year - the story had already been extensively reported on in 2019.

And yet from the beginning of the year to mid-September in the Pantanal region, a vast plain in​central-western Brazil, over 15,000 fires were recorded: three times as many compare to the previous year. Throughout the country, the reporting of fires has increased by 12% since 2019 and almost 3 million hectares have been destroyed.